Month: July 2018

How To Prepare For A Career In Agriculture

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There are several ways to prepare for agriculture jobs. One of those ways is through formal education, such as earning a college degree. Another popular way to prepare for an agriculture job is to get on-the-job training. Either of these methods of preparation will work to help you with your career, although formal education is often more helpful for finding higher-paying jobs. Below you will find some helpful information regarding agriculture jobs and how to prepare for a career in this field.

If you are choosing to obtain a college degree in agriculture, there are several options. Depending on what you want to do, you could major in anything from agricultural business management, to animal sciences, to herd management or crop and soil development. Many colleges offer general courses in agriculture to help students decide what they want to emphasize in their educational career. It is always helpful to talk with advisers for information about classes, career options, and course requirements. This option is popular for many because it allows students to choose their own area of study that suits their interests. Many agriculture students also get scholarships and internships to help them learn more about the field.

Another common option for preparing for an agriculture job is to receive on-the-job training. This kind of training could be received at any number of places where you start at a lower-level position and learn other jobs along the way. By choosing this option, you can focus more on agricultural methods and practice. This option also guarantees that you have a job after you are done training. Often, the more training you receive the more skills you obtain and the more opportunities you have for receiving higher pay rates. Employers also get to know you and often provide positive references for other job opportunities that come along.

Either way you choose to prepare for a job in agriculture, you will be sure to succeed and learn the trade well. Many people choose to obtain a formal degree in any number of fields related to agriculture, while others learn from work experience. Both of these methods will teach you what you need to know about working in the field of agriculture. All you have to do is start searching for a new opportunity to learn.

Horticulture Expert The Growth Driver Of Indian Agriculture Sector

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The horticulture sector, with a wide array of crops ranging from fruits and vegetables to orchids and nuts, mushrooms and honey – has been a driving force in the stimulating a healthy growth trend in Indian agriculture. India is currently producing 257.2 million tonnes of horticulture produce from an area of 23 million ha. What is significant is that over the last decade, the area under horticulture grew by about 3.8%per annum but production rose by 7.4% per annum. Given the increasing pressure on land, the focus of growth strategy is on raising productivity by supporting high density plantations, protected cultivation, micro irrigation, quality planting material, rejuvenation of senile orchards and focus on post harvest management to ensure that farmers do not lose their produce in transit from farm gate to the consumers plate.

Fruits:

With a production of 76.4 million tonnes, fruits accounts for about 30 per cent of the total production of horticulture crops. The area under fruit crops during 2011-12 was 6.6 million ha, which is almost 29 per cent of area under horticulture in India. The area under fruit crops has increased from 4.0 million ha in 201-02 to 6.7 million ha in 2011-12 with corresponding increase in production from 43.0 to 76.4 million tonnes. A large variety of fruits are grown in India. Of these, banana, mango, citrus, papaya, guava, grape, sapota, pomegranate, pineapple, aonla, litchi, pear, plum, walnut, etc are important. India accounts for 13 percent of the total world production of fruits and leads the world in the production of mango, banana, papaya, sapota, pomegranate, acid lime and aonla.

The leading fruit growing states are Maharashtra which accounts for 16.0 per cent of production followed by Andhra Pradesh (13.0%), Gujarat (10.0%), Karnataka (9.0%), Uttar Pradesh (8.0%), Tamil Nadu (7.0%) and Bihar (5.0%) altogether contributes for about 68.0 percent of the total fruit production in the country. Banana is the major fruit accounting for 35 per cent of total production followed by mango (4.0%), citrus (11.0%), papaya (6.0%), others (17.7%) in the country. It may also be mentioned that in the Himalayan states of Himachal and J&K the GDP from apples, plums, pears and stone fruits exceeds that of GDP from cereal crops.

Vegetables:

Vegetables are also an important constituent in horticulture sector which are mostly low gestation and high income generating crops. Many vegetables are now grown under protected cultivation like green houses and shade nut houses with a scope for off season production, which fetches remunerative prices.
Vegetables occupied an area of 8.9 million ha during 2011-12 with a total production of 155.9 million tonnes having average productivity of 17.4 tonnes/ha.

Vegetable production registered a quantum jump of 77 per cent between 2001-02 and 2011-12.

More than 40 kinds of vegetables belonging to different groups are grown in India in tropical, sub tropical and temperate regions. Important vegetable crops grown in the country are potato, tomato, onion, brinjal, cabbage, cauliflower, peas, okra, chilies, beans, melons, etc. The leading vegetables growing states are West Bengal which accounts for 15% of production followed by Uttar Pradesh (12%), Bihar (10.0%), Andhra Pradesh (8.0%), Madhya Pradesh (6.5%), Gujarat (6.4%), Tamil Nadu (5.8%), Maharashtra (5.7%), Karnataka (5.0%) and Haryana (3.0%) altogether contributes about 83.4% of the total vegetable production in the country. Among vegetables, potato is the major vegetable accounting for 27.0% followed by tomato (12%), onion (11.0%), brinjal (8.0%), cabbage (5.4%), cauliflower (4.7%), okra (4.0%), peas (2.5%) and others (25.4%) in the country. India is the second largest producer of vegetables after China and is a leader in production of vegetables like peas and okra. Besides, India occupies the second position in production of brinjal, cabbage, cauliflower and onion and third in potato and tomato in the world. Vegetables such as potato, tomato, okra and cucurbits are produced abundantly in the country.

Spices:

India is the largest producer, consumer and exporter of spices and spice products in the world. Over 100 plant species are known to yield spices and spice products among which around 50 are grown in India. India is known as the home of spices producing a wide variety of spices like black pepper, chilies, ginger, turmeric, garlic, cardamom and variety of tree and seed spices. Major spice producing states are Andhra Pradesh (19.0%), Gujarat (15.0%), Rajasthan (14.7%), Karnataka (8.0%), Madhya Pradesh (7.7%) and Tamil Nadu (7.0%). The spice production in India is currently estimated at 5.95 million tonnes from an area of about 3.21milion ha.

The production of spices in the country has registered a substantial increase over the last ten years with average annual growth of 5.8%. Chili is the major spice crop occupying about 25% of area under cultivation and contributing 22% of total spice production in the country. Garlic accounts for 8.0% of area with 21.0% share in production, while turmeric accounts for 6.8% of area with 19.6% share in production.

Flowers:

India has made noticeable advance in the production of flowers, particularly cut flowers, which have a good potential for exports. During 2011-12, floriculture covered an area of 0.32 million ha with a production of 2.6 million tonnes of loose flowers and 75066 million numbers of cut flowers. This sector is generating higher income and employment opportunities especially for women.

While India has been known for growing traditional flowers such as jasmine, marigold, chrysanthemum, tuberose and aster, the commercial cultivation of cut flowers like roses, orchids, gladiolus, carnation, gerbera, anthurium and lilium has become popular in recent times. The important flower growing states are West Bengal, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, North East, etc. Major area is devoted to production of marigold, jasmine, roses, chrysanthemum, tuberose, etc. The area under cut flowers having stems has increased manifold. Orchids, anthurium, lilium, gerbera and seasonal bulbous flowers are increasingly being grown both for domestic and export markets.
Growth in Exports:

Not only have these impressive production figures ensured a steady supply for the domestic market, they have also made Indian horticulture exports globally competitive. Over the last decade, there has been a significant improvement in export earnings in horticulture.
The horticulture division is working closely with APEDA and state governments to ensure that infrastructure and institutional support for export is available to ensure that farmers can leverage export markets for higher incomes.

Agricultural Land Property Purchasing In Bangalore Law Information

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Before purchasing any sites especially agriculture land for non agriculture purpose approval under relevant laws viz. Karnataka Land Reforms Act, 1961, the Karnataka Land Revenue Act, 1964 along rules and other provisions of law is must. And Bangalore Metropolitan Regional development Authority (BMRDA) is regulating authority to approve layouts on outskirts of Bangalore.
Clear title and documentation are hard to come by with agricultural land of Bangalore (Karnataka). The following is a useful checklist of documents for review by a Bangalore law firm / lawyer before purchasing Agricultural land:
Mother deed and sale deed: It is very important document to trace the ownership of agriculture land. And it is basic document that shows how the property at the commencement was acquired there after there will be series of transactions such as sale gift law in Bangalore etc.

Akarbandi: Land topography sketch issued by State Revenue Authority viz. survey department. It establishes the survey number and to whom the particular survey number was originally allotted and the land / property revenue assessment details.

Encumbrance Certificate: Certificate from State Revenue Authority stating that there is no lien on the land / property (Has to be obtained for the last 30 years)

Family Tree of the vendor: State Revenue Authority document required to ascertain whether other family members have a stake in the property

Saguvali Chit: It is also called Grant Certificate. This is issued on Form No..VII in case of grant of Govt. land to the eligible persons for cultivation. This establishes title of the persons in the Saguvali Chit to the land granted.
Conversion Order: Conversion certificate has to be obtained for non agriculture purpose & that has to be checked to determine whether it is DC converted or not.
Khata and up to date Tax-paid receipts: Khata in Form MAR 19 (issued prior to 19. 05.2003) along up to date Tax-paid receipts.
Land Acquisition Status: Endorsements from State Revenue Authority certifying the Govt. acquisition status for the property for instance Notification by B.D.A. or KIADB for acquisition.

Mutation Extracts: History of changes in ownership (for 30 years) as documented in the Khatha Certificates issued by the State Revenue Authority. This is an extract from the mutation register maintained by the village property accountant.

NIL Tenancy Certificate/Form No.7 Endorsement: State Revenue Authority certification stating whether the land has any tenants. This issued by the Tasildar. This endorsement certifies that there no tenancy cases pending in respect of property in question as per the KLR act 1961.

Podi Extracts: Property partition document among siblings if any.

Property Tax Paid Receipt: Latest tax receipt validating that the property tax status is current.

RTC (Record of Rights) / Phani: This is primary record issued by the villager Accountant. It contains details of Survey number, total extent of land property, names of the owner including details as to conversion of land from agriculture to non- agriculture property. (has to be obtained for the last 30 years as per Bangalore law)
Section 79A & B endorsement U/KLR Act, 1961: These are issued by Tahsildar. These endorsement certifies that there no cases pending against the person owning the agriculture land / property.
Village Survey Map: Land location sketch
Patta Book: This book contains information regarding the payment of land revenue and other Govt. dues & information of cultivation. And also contains a copy of the record of rights to the land / property situated in Bangalore.
Tippani: This issued by the Survey Dept. It shows a sketch of the land as the records of the survey Dept.
Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP), Zonal Regulation Map and Survey Map. Apart from the above property should not come within the Green Belt Area.

Change The Agriculture Developing Method And Go An Agriculture Way Of Low-carbon

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Low carbon economic is an economic model which based on low energy consumption, low discharge. Develop low-carbon economic is the requirement of deal with the relationship of economic develop and environment protection and achieve the sustainable development.

From the present, the research view of low-carbon economic development is main focus on industrialization and urbanization and focus on solve the environment problem which aroused by industry high discharge and high energy consumption, while to the basic industry of national economy, that is the urgency and importance of low-carbon economic is not enough. Low-carbon Agriculture is the ecological civilization road of agriculture development, the main characteristic is to reduce agricultures rely to fossil energy and go a new road of organic, ecological and efficient agriculture. To be accompanied by the development of chemical agriculture, petroleum agriculture, mechanical agriculture and the improvement of peoples life style, the energy consumption of agriculture and country increase rapidly, agriculture has become the important greenhouse gases resource. Under this background how to change agriculture developing way and how to walk a road of low-carbon should be an important task.

Change agriculture producing way. We should change the agriculture of chemical, high input, high energy consumption, low-efficiency which labels are chemical fertilizer, chemical pesticide and propagation growth regular to the agriculture of organize, ecological, low-input, low energy consumption and high-efficiency which mainly adopt organic fertilizer, biopesticide and adopt free service which supplied by natural eco-system. Form low-carbon agriculture producing method and technology structure system which traditional farming technology, cultivation method and modern science and technology combination, so we can reduce the manual work input in agriculture producing procedure, at the same time reduce the Agriculture production cost, can effective eliminate the destroy to biological diversity.

Develop organic farming. Organic agriculture is produced in accordance with the standards of organic agriculture as a mode of agricultural production. That is not used in the production process of organic synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators and feed additives and other substances, do not use genetically modified organisms and their products obtained. Agriculture, organic farming emphasizes that all measures should follow the laws of nature, matter and energy recycling; protection of genetic diversity in agricultural systems, emphasizing the focus on social, economic and ecological environment of harmony, efficiency, sustainable development, stress can produce a natural, high nutrition organic food. Through with a series of sustainable developing agriculture technology, it can coordinate the relationship between farming and animal husbandry, promote ecological balance, biodiversity and sustainable use of resources and so on.

Develop ecological agriculture. Currently, most developed countries in the world to encourage the development of eco-agriculture-specific policies. Some experts predict that ecological Agriculture will become the mainstream of world agriculture and development. At present, some kinds of ecological agriculture model have been explored and a technical team of ecological agriculture has been established.

Develop pollution free agriculture. Pollution free agriculture contains two aspects: one is less application of pesticides, fertilizers, and other solid contaminants. Another is produce agriculture products with less harmful substance. Pollution-free agriculture is the essence of environmental protection and rational use of resources, to achieve the purpose of reduce pollution, input and increase output to achieve the sustainable development of agriculture.